The Climate-Cryosphere-Water Nexus in Central Asia
This nexus brief explores the interactions between changes in the cryosphere due to climate change and the consequences for water resources and hazard management in Central Asia.
Energy Sector Climate Change Adaptation
This guidance aims to help incorporate climate change considerations into project planning and design in the energy sector.
Managing disaster risks and water under climate change in Central Asia and Caucasus
This publication presents the conclusions emerging from a joint learning journey involving three thematic networks – Climate Change and Environment, Disaster Risk Reduction, and Water.
Safer lives and livelihoods in mountains
This publication highlights 15 cases of good practice in development and applied research from mountain regions, and illustrates how the Sendai Framework’s four priorities can be put into practice.
Mitigation: The Republic of Tajikistan has committed unconditionally to reducing greenhouse gas emissions to 80-90% of the 1990 level by 2030, between 1.7-2.2 tons in CO2 equivalent. The Republic of Tajikistan is a low greenhouse gas emitter, that is already implementing climate resilience programming related to renewable energy, public awareness of climate challenges, and sustainable agriculture and forestry management; therefore it will meet this target by continued progress in these areas partnered with systematic reforestation. Should the Republic of Tajikistan receive international financial and technical support it could conditionally commit to a 65-75% reduction from 1990 levels by 2030. This would be accomplished by modernization and the introduction of new technologies, with a specific focus on mitigation in the power industry, agriculture and forestry, water resource management, and transport, as well as diversification of renewable energy sources, increased energy efficiency, and natural disaster risk reduction. Adaptation: Adaptation, and resilience to climate change, are national priorities for the Republic of Tajikistan, however progress in these areas is dependent on external resources. Adaptation priorities include: developing green infrastructure related to transport, housing, power and industrial facilities, agriculture, and water supply; awareness and preparedness for hydrometeorological hazards; preserving glaciers and water resources and improved water management; ensuring food security; developing and sharing hydrometeorological knowledge; ecosystem and biodiversity preservation; and engaging civil society, particularly women, in climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. International Climate and Environmental Commitments: The Paris Agreement (Party), United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (Party), Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (Party), United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (Party), Convention on Biological Diversity (Party), Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (Party), Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Party)
Summary
The Republic of Tajikistan is a land locked country in central Asia, it is mountainous with diverse landscape features ranging from deserts to glaciers and permafrost. Economically Tajikistan continues to face development and poverty challenges, with agriculture and natural resource extraction (including coal, oil, gas, gold and other resources) dominating livelihoods. The Republic of Tajikistan is particularly vulnerable to climate change given its dependence on natural resources and its concentration of water resources. Climate change may threaten the country by worsening precipitation variation, glacial and permafrost degradation, forest fires, pest and disease outbreaks, and the occurrence of extreme weather events.
International Commitments and Reporting
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)
Nationally Determined Contribution Under the Paris Agreement - https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/NDCStaging/pages/Party.aspx?party=TJK
NDC Monitoring and Reporting
World Bank Country Factsheet on Intended NDCs - http://spappssecext.worldbank.org/sites/indc/PDF_Library/TJ.pdf
World Bank’s Climate Knowledge Portal - https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/tajikistan
ClimateWatch Profile - https://www.climatewatchdata.org/countries/TJK
NDC Partnership Page - http://ndcpartnership.org/countries-map/country?iso=TJK
SDG Voluntary National Review
2017 Voluntary National Review - https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates/tajikistan
National SDG Monitoring and Reporting
World Bank Overview - http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/tajikistan
UNDP's Open SDG Data Hub - http://unstats-undesa.opendata.arcgis.com/
NDCs and SDGs
Mapping of NDC-SDG Connections - https://klimalog.die-gdi.de/ndc-sdg/country/TJK
NDCs, SDGs, and Climate Change
NDC Partnership Dashboard on NDCs and relation to the SDGs and Climate Change Vulnerability - http://ndcpartnership.org/climate-watch/ndcs-sdg
Biennial Update Report to the UNFCCC - https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/2doBURAnexoArgentina.pdf
Emissions Data
The Republic of Tajikistan does not currently have a dynamic online emissions tracking platform, but national emissions reporting can be found within this report - https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/2doBURAnexoArgentina.pdf
Sendai and Hyogo Frameworks
National Progress Report on the Implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/policies/v.php?id=18300&cid=169
National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction of the Republic of Tajikistan - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/policies/v.php?id=65218&cid=169
National Disaster Risk Reduction Strategy for 2019-2030 - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/policies/v.php?id=65074&cid=169
National Coordination and Reporting
National Appropriate Mitigation Actions
No Action to date - https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/PublicNAMA/SitePages/Country.aspx?CountryI...
National Action Plans
National Action Plan for Climate Change Mitigation - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/national-action-plan-for-clim...
National Strategies Related to International Mechanisms
Convention to Combat Desertification National Action Programme - https://knowledge.unccd.int/sites/default/files/naps/tajikistan-rus2001.pdf
National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan - https://www.cbd.int/doc/world/tj/tj-nbsap-v2-ru.pdf
National Regulations/Policies
Law No. 760 On environmental protection - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC111613
Governmental Order No. 189 on the Committee on Environmental Protection - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/governmental-order-no-189-on-...
Water Code of the Republic of Tajikistan No. 34 of 2000 - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC034375
Law No. 681 On food security - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC181331
Law No. 672 On protection of plant varieties - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC155001
Law No. 356 On land use planning - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC111462
Law No. 761 Forest Code - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC181164
Law No. 1021 On fish farming, fisheries and protection of fish stocks - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC170862
Law No. 786 On protected areas - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC111743
Law N0. 354 On wildlife - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC084981
Law No. 587 on Promoting the Use of Renewable Energy - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/law-no-587-on-promoting-the-u...
Law No. 29 Energy Saving - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/law-no-29-on-energy-saving/
Special Program for Renewable Energy Sources Use in Tajikistan 2007-2015 - https://www.iea.org/policiesandmeasures/pams/tajikistan/name-157157-en.php
Tajikistan Tax Incentives for Renewable Energy - https://www.iea.org/policiesandmeasures/pams/tajikistan/name-157156-en.php
Government Order No.73 on the Long-Term Programme for Building Hydropower Plants for 2009-2020 - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/government-order-no-73-on-the...
Governmental Order No.41 on the Complex Programme for the Widespread Use of Renewable Energy Sources - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/governmental-order-no-41-on-t...
Law No. 228 on Protect ion of the Atmospheric Air - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/law-no-228-on-protection-of-t...
Law No. 53 On protection of the population and territory against natural and technological disaster - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC170866
Reviews of National Legislation and Policy
London School of Economics: National Climate Legislation - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/country-profiles/tajikistan
Financing
Key Areas of Climate Investment
Financing rural electrification - https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/project-detail/P17...
Financing socio-economic resilience - https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/project-detail/P16...
Financing rural water supply and sanitation - https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/project-detail/P16...
Financing improvements in water resource management - https://www.isdb.org/projects/data/uid-pj0033227
Financing disaster resilience - https://www.gfdrr.org/en/strengthening-disaster-resilience-tajikistan
Financing livestock and pasture development - https://www.ifad.org/en/web/operations/project/id/2000000977
Financing resilience to food insecurity and facilitating livelihood diversification - https://www.greenclimate.fund/projects/fp067
Financing land management and rural livelihoods - https://www.thegef.org/project/environmental-land-management-and-rural-l...
Financing climate adaptation and mitigation in the Aral Sea Basin - https://www.greenclimate.fund/projects/fp014
Financing hydropower expansion and resilience - https://www.greenclimate.fund/projects/fp040
Financing environmental learning and stakeholder participation in environmental programming facilitating poverty reduction - https://www.thegef.org/project/environmental-learning-and-stakeholder-in...
Financing sustainable transport - https://www.thegef.org/project/support-sustainable-transport-management-...
Financing hydrometeorology capacity - https://www.greenclimate.fund/projects/fp075
Selected Relevant Sources of Climate Related Funding
Climate Funds Update - https://climatefundsupdate.org/data-dashboard/#1541245745457-d3cda887-f010
OECD Climate Change - https://www.oecd.org/env/cc/
OECD Investment for Green Growth - https://www.oecd.org/environment/green.htm
Climate Investment Funds - https://www.climateinvestmentfunds.org/country/tajikistan
Asian Development Bank Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management - https://www.adb.org/themes/climate-change-disaster-risk-management/main
Multilateral Funders
The Republic of Tajikistan receives climate funding from the World Bank, the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery, the Green Climate Fund, the Islamic Development Bank, the Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Programme, and the Global Environment Facility, among others.
Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Planning
Vulnerability/Adaptation Capacity Data
Notre Dame's Global Adaptation Initiative Vulnerability/Readiness Climate Change Index - https://gain.nd.edu/our-work/country-index/
Environmental Performance Index - https://epi.envirocenter.yale.edu/
Natural Disaster/Hazards
Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery - https://www.gfdrr.org/en/tajikistan
PreventionWeb - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/countries/asia/tjk
Energy Supply and Demand
Key Energy Statistics - https://www.iea.org/countries/tajikistan
Promoting renewables in the energy sector of Tajikistan - https://www.academia.edu/27526737/Promoting_renewables_in_the_energy_sec...
International Hydropower Association: Tajikistan - https://www.hydropower.org/country-profiles/tajikistan
Land Use
LandLinks Country Profile - https://www.land-links.org/tajikistan
Impact of Agriculture Land Use in Central Asia: a review - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13593-015-0337-7
Economic Development/Quality of Life and Livelihoods
The Economic Effects of Land Reform in Tajikistan - http://www.fao.org/3/a-aq331e.pdf
The Economics of Land Degradation for the Agriculture Sector in Tajikistan: A Scoping Study - https://www.undp.org/content/dam/tajikistan/docs/projects/PEI/Economics%...(2).pdf
Sustainable Management for Natural Resources Helps Tajik Communities Adapt to Climate Change - https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2018/05/04/sustainable-managem...
Summaries of Programming and Priorities
Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment in the Republic of Tajikistan's Third National Communication - https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/tjknc3_eng.pdf
Review of Current and Planned Adaptation Action - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/policies/v.php?id=25790&cid=169
Case Studies
Climate and Development Network Country Page
Climate and Development Network Resources - https://cdkn.org/regions/tajikistan
Islamic Development Bank Reports
IsDB Country Page - https://www.isdb.org/republic-of-tajikistan
Climate, Climate Change, and Environmental Data
Natural Disaster/Hazards Data
ThinkHazard - http://thinkhazard.org/en/report/239-tajikistan
Energy Supply and Demand Data
Renewable Energy Mapping - http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/countrySearch/?countryCode=TJK
Land Use Data
FAOStat - http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/
Weather/Meteorological Data
World Meteorological Organization Profile - https://www.wmo.int/cpdb/tajikistan
Country tags
