Case-study /

Does Adaptation Lead to Development? – Pakistan

Click to enlarge.

The 9th International Conference on Community-Based Adaptation (CBA9) took place in Nairobi, Kenya, from April 24-30 2015. The CBA series of conferences focus on the latest developments in community-based adaptation to climate change. The theme of this year’s event was “Measuring and enhancing effective adaptation”, and all the posters presented at the conference were summaries of projects related to the conference theme. This poster is one of the posters featured at the conferance. For more information about CBA9, visit: www.cba9.org. If you want to learn more about community based adaptation, please visit the GICBA platform on weADAPT.

Introduction

Many countries are investing heavily in climate change adaptation. To plan, implement and track their investments, they need robust assessments of the expected and actual returns. Is adaptation keeping development on course and is it distributing costs and benefits fairly?

Tracking Adaptation and Measuring Development (TAMD)

TAMD is a conceptual framework to monitor and evaluate climate change adaptation. Using a ‘twin-track’ structure, TAMD evaluates adaptation success as a combination of how well countries or institutions manage climate risks and how successfully adaptation interventions reduce climate vulnerability and keep development on course.

By evaluating an intervention within and across the two tracks, TAMD can assess whether adaptation leads to effective development and also whether development interventions boost local climate resilience. TAMD’s dual approach can track adaptation at all levels and from all sources — from multi-country initiatives down to local projects. It can also be tailored to specific contexts, providing the flexibility needed to evaluate interventions across diverse countries and situations. And it can be used by many different types of organisation, from national governments to district councils, and from development agencies to private companies.

Since 2012, TAMD has been piloted in Kenya, Nepal, Mozambique and Pakistan. More recently, the framework has begun to be used in Cambodia, Ethiopia, Uganda and Tanzania. Different countries are using TAMD in different ways: to support local planning, to do a retrospective analysis, and to add value to national indicators.

Pakistan

Through initiatives such as the Pakistan Domestic Biogas Project, around ten thousand domestic biogas plants have been installed across Pakistan. Although these were initially planned as a mitigation intervention, the TAMD study team in Pakistan wanted to assess whether they improved households’ resilience.

Using TAMD, the study team revealed several socioeconomic gains from the biogas project, ranging from better indoor air quality and hygiene to savings in fuel and fertiliser costs. On average, each household had an extra 5,069 Rupees to spend each month. Importantly, households increased their movable assets in terms of animals — a common strategy for improving food security and resilience to climate hazards. In times of flood, animals can be taken to higher ground, while in times of drought they can be slaughtered or sold.

Contact:

This poster was produced by Susannah Fisher, IIED.

Related resources